Dogs Getting Started Puppies

How to Talk to Puppies With Dog Language

Golden retriever puppy
Chris Amaral/Digital Vision/Getty Images

Once you understand the language of dogs and what your puppy “says” with barks, wagging tail talk, and other body language, you’ll know how to talk to a dog with effective puppy communication. Remember that your puppy is not a mind reader and what’s “normal” behavior for people may be a totally foreign language and offensive to dogs. Instead, you can use “dog talk” to get your message across.

Humans are primates that touch and hug, gesture with hands, and have a loud and higher-pitched tone of voice when upset. All of these things can be confusing or even threatening to puppies especially, but also to adult dogs.

5 Common Puppy Communication Mistakes

Avoid these errors when you are talking to your puppy:

  • Leaning over your puppy: Humans are taller than pups, and it’s natural to lean down to talk or pet them. But “looming” over the top of a dog is intimidating because, in dog talk, this means “I’m the boss, I’m in control.” That can be upsetting or even frightening to pups that already accept your status as the boss. They may use appeasement gestures such as submissive wetting to show they’re no threat. Strange dogs that don’t know you may become aggressive or defensive when you lean over them. They simply fight back what they think of as a challenge. Instead of leaning over the top of the puppy, give the dog space to approach you. Turn sideways and crouch or kneel on the floor so your height and stance don't seem a challenge.
  • Staring with hard eye contact: Direct eye contact can also be intimidating. Use the pup’s own calming signals to tell it you mean no harm. Turn your head away, avert your eyes, and move slowly to give the pup time to build up the courage to approach.
  • Pats on the head: Imagine you are puppy-sized and a hand half the size of your whole body swoops down toward the top of your head. Wouldn’t you dodge and yelp, and run for cover, too? Instead, think how puppies and dogs meet each other—smell communication with sniffs first, contact later. So offer your hand, palm down, for the baby dog to sniff the back of your fingers without risk of being grabbed. Then offer a scratch on the front of its chest or side of its neck. Avoid patting the top of the head until you know the pet very well and it's shown a good understanding of “human talk.”
  • Hugging: For puppies and dogs, hugs are not a sign of affection. Our pets use clasping to grab and wrestle during play or fights, during mating behavior, or simply to show dominance. Forego the hugging and teach your children alternate ways to show affection to dogs. Otherwise, the puppy may lash out in retaliation of what it perceives to be an attack.
  • Kissing: Yes, the new puppy seems to lick-lick-lick you all the time, sort of like a kissing maniac. You may think of kissing as exclusively an expression of love and affection. But even among people, a kiss also can signify respect rather than adoration. Dogs and puppies show their love in other ways. Licking is instead used to show deference, respect, and a declaration that, “I am no threat.” Many dogs also lick when they are anxious, as a displacement behavior, or because they like how you taste. Subordinate dogs lick a more dominant dog—or person’s—face or side of the mouth as an appeasement gesture. If you or your child try to mimic this doggy signal and “kiss” the dog on or near the mouth or eyes, this could feel threatening to the dog as a large human is approaching the dog's face. A large majority of dog bites target kid faces because the child hugged or tried to kiss a dog who was not comfortable with that. This is also a common location for bites since many dogs are face-to-face with small children anyway due to their similar heights.
Puppy turning away from girl's kisses
Hugging and kissing shows submission to a puppy. Kymberlie Dozois Photography / Getty Images

How to Talk Your Puppy

Now that you understand what your own body language means, use it to talk dog to your puppy. Whether you want your pup to straighten up or you want to encourage the shy pup to be more confident, just communicate with them like a canine. And nope, you don't have to wag your tail.

Clear Signals

These signals will help your dog see you as a trusted leader:

  • Use a calm, low-pitched tone of voice and short clipped words. High-pitched upset voices can sound whiny and send the wrong signals that you are not in charge.
  • Use the same words for the same thing each time so your pup learns your language with repetition. It won't know that "wait" and "stay here" and "I'll be right back" or "don't move" mean the same thing to you. Choose one. Puppies thrive on routine. A clicker training technique works particularly well to communicate what these words mean.
  • Stand tall. Dogs in charge don’t have to make a production out of it, they simply carry themselves like the boss. Everyone believes them so they don't have to prove it.
  • Dogs don’t use hands to control other’s movements—they use body blocks, shove and lean, and control space. Think of the way a shepherd dog herds livestock and prompts sheep to move without ever touching. You can do the same thing, by using your body to control puppy movements.

Calming Signals

Learn these ways to communicate the puppy does not have to be fearful or agitated:

  • For shy pups, think of ways to relieve the angst the same way dogs do. A higher pitched, slow and soothing voice can tell the baby you’re no threat.
  • Don’t loom and lean over the top of the dog. Crouch or kneel. Let the pup approach you rather than chasing after it. Try tossing a few treats in the space between you to encourage the dog to come closer and reward it when it does. If you really want to pique puppy curiosity and show you're no threat, lie motionless on the ground.
  • If you must approach, curve in at an oblique angle instead of walking or running toward the puppy directly.
  • Lick your lips or yawn, while looking away.
  • Try a dog laugh. Sneeze and see if the pup sneezes back. Or mimic the unvoiced breathy “ha-ha-ha-ha” dog laugh sound that dogs use exclusively in play to say you mean no harm.
Little boy with his mother and puppy
Kneeling towards a puppy shows you are not a threat. portishead1 / Getty Images
If you suspect your pet is sick, call your vet immediately. For health-related questions, always consult your veterinarian, as they have examined your pet, know the pet's health history, and can make the best recommendations for your pet.
The Spruce Pets uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.
  1. Dog Body Language Basics. University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine.